Answers from the Workbench

Look for the IPPC wheat-ear mark. Pallets stamped HT (heat treated) are the usual choice. Avoid MB (methyl bromide) stamps, unmarked pallets of unknown origin, and any with oil or chemical stains. See Reused Planters.

No. A gravel layer raises the saturated zone into the root area. Drill holes in the base and use a free-draining compost instead, with a drip tray underneath for your neighbours' sake.

You cannot tell by eye. Use a lead test kit on paint of unknown age, especially from homes built before the 1960s. Never dry-sand or burn paint that might contain lead. Details in Outdoor Finishes.

Balcony load limits vary and cannot be judged by eye. Wet compost can weigh close to a kilogram per litre. Keep heavy items against the building wall, spread them out, and ask your building manager before adding several large planters.

We recommend against it. Railings are designed to protect people, not to resist wind on an added panel, and many buildings prohibit it. Use a freestanding, ballasted screen below railing height — see Creative Screens.

Yes. Choose pieces that stand on the floor, sit on a freestanding frame or hang from an existing approved hook. Get written permission before drilling any external wall or cladding. See Wall Pieces.

Exterior paint usually lasts longest between recoats on timber, while exterior oils need re-oiling every 6–12 months but never peel. Metal needs rust treatment and primer before a topcoat.

It is fine for ornamental plants. For edibles, we suggest placing a fabric grow bag or food-grade pot inside the galvanised container.

No. They are conceptual illustrations to help you picture parts and layers. They are not evidence of tested construction or load capacity.